Abstract

The concept of spatial justice is essential to understanding the multifaceted inequalities present in contemporary cities. In Hong Kong, “partitioned flats,” “caged houses,” and “subdivided units” are commonly known as “unsuitable housing,” with approximately 209,700 people (91,800 households) living in such conditions as of 2016. In 2004, the government abolished tenancy control, making rents unaffordable for many low-income families. This study aimed to understand the experiences of tenants and the factors contributing to the soaring rents. The research utilized a hybrid approach, including online questionnaires, in-depth interviews, focus groups, and expert interviews. The findings revealed that 42 percent of the respondents living in subdivided households experienced rent increases during the COVID-19 pandemic, averaging 12.5 percent and that 76 percent of the respondents spent at least 40 percent of their monthly household income on rent. The three primary issues that troubled the respondents were rent increases (80%), negative impacts on their children (39.8%), and negative impacts on their mental health (39.6%). The in-depth interviews uncovered concerning practices, such as property management agencies privately increasing rent without informing owners and charging tenants extra fees, leading to embezzlement. Forced eviction and subletting were also used to create new leases and generate additional fraudulent commissions. The research team urged the government’s task force on subdivided units to take action, including re-submitting proposals for rent control legislation, introducing standardized tenancy agreements, cracking down on property agents’ illegal practices, and increasing the supply of transitional housing. Addressing the spatial injustice faced by tenants in unsuitable housing is crucial for promoting equitable access to affordable and decent living conditions in Hong Kong.